Abstract
Generic liquid Benzalkonium Chloride (BKC) mixtures often fail to meet the precision required by modern biopharmaceuticals. This guide explores the superiority of High-Purity C14 Benzalkonium Chloride Powder (Myristalkonium Chloride). We analyze its optimized molecular balance, stability, and critical role in ophthalmic and high-end medical applications.
1.The Shift to Solid-State Purity
Standard BKC is usually supplied as a 50% or 80% aqueous solution containing mixed alkyl chains (C12-C16). These undefined ratios complicate regulatory compliance (USP/EP) for sensitive formulations.
High-Purity C14 Powder (like the Kehonda sample shown) isolates the specific C14 homologue. This allows manufacturers to achieve >99% active content precision, eliminating solvent interference and batch variability.
2.Chemical Structure & Stoichiometry
The effectiveness of the C14 variant lies in its specific molecular geometry. It offers the “Golden Standard” length for penetrating microbial membranes without excessive hydrophobicity.
Chemical Name: Myristalkonium Chloride
Molecular Formula
Comparative Analysis: C12 vs. C14 vs. C16
Why choose C14 powder for high-end applications? C14 strikes the optimal balance between efficacy and irritation.
| Parameter (参数) | C12 (Lauryl) | C14 (Myristyl) | C16 (Cetyl) |
| Gram+ Efficacy | Good | Excellent | Good |
| Gram- Efficacy | Moderate | Very Good | Weak |
| Water Solubility | Very High | High | Low |
| Mucosal Irritation | Higher | Balanced | Lowest |
| Ideal Application | Cleaning Agents | Ophthalmic/Pharma | Cosmetics |
4.Mechanism of Action
The high-purity C14 cation operates via a precise cytolytic mechanism:
Adsorption: The cationic head (N+)tracts to the negatively charged bacterial wall.
Intercalation: The C14 tail integrates into the membrane’s lipid bilayer.
Lysis: This disrupts membrane integrity, causing leakage of intracellular constituents and cell death.
5.Key Pharmaceutical Applications
5.1 Ophthalmic Preparations (Preservatives)
In eye drops, purity is paramount. C14 powder allows precise dosing (e.g., 0.01%) with lower irritation risks compared to C12-heavy mixtures.
5.2 Medical Device Disinfection
For surgical instruments, C14 provides rapid kill rates against resistant strains. The powder form enables the creation of stable tablets or precise dilutions in clinical settings.
5.3 Pharma Excipients
Acts as a penetration enhancer in nasal sprays and transdermal patches to improve API bioavailability.
6.Handling and Storage (Based on Image)
As seen in the image, the product is a fine white powder. While chemically stable, high-purity C14 BKC is hygroscopic (attracts moisture)
Packaging Recommendation: The current transparent PE bag is insufficient for long-term storage. Upgrade to Aluminized Foil Bags or HDPE Containers with liner seals to prevent moisture ingress and UV degradation.
Storage: Store tightly sealed in a cool, dry place below 25°C.
7.Conclusion
For industries requiring precise stoichiometry and validated pharmacopeia compliance, High-Purity C14 Benzalkonium Chloride Powder is the indispensable choice, offering the robustness required for next-generation medical products.
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